IDF: Iterative Dynamic Filtering Networks for Generalizable Image Denoising

Image denoising is a fundamental challenge in computer vision, with applications in photography and medical imaging. While deep learning–based methods have shown remarkable success, their reliance on specific noise distributions limits generalization to unseen noise types and levels. Existing approaches attempt to address this with extensive training data and high computational resources but still suffer from overfitting.To address these issues, we conduct image denoising utilizing dynamically generated kernels via efficient operations. This approach helps prevent overfitting and improve resilience to unseen noise. Repetition of this process greatly improves denoising performance. Our method leverages a Feature Extraction Module for robust noise-invariant features, and Global Statistics and Local Correlation Modules to capture comprehensive noise characteristics and structural correlations. The Kernel Prediction Module employs these cues to produce pixel-wise varying kernels adapted to local structures, which are then applied iteratively for denoising. This ensures both efficiency and superior restoration quality.Despite being trained on single-level Gaussian noise, our compact model ($\sim$ 0.04 M) excels across diverse noise types and levels, demonstrating the promise of iterative dynamic filtering for practical image denoising.